ANDANGER BIRDS IN CHIN STATE

KAWL ZINGLAWNG PUAI LE LAI LEI RAMVAIH SAKAH

Kawlram i zungkhar caan saubik hi April 13-16 “Zilawngpuai” titoih puai le Kawl kumthar April 17-21 tianghi a tu ah cun zungkhar chih a si. Hi titoih puai hi aliam cia kum 500 in an rak thokmi Kawl Buddhist baiknak hna nih an sunsak ngai ve mi a si. Hi caan poah ah Laimi cozah rian a tuanmi hna nih kamkhat lei in an rak i ngeih tuk ve mi cu Kawl zilawngpuai caan ah ram kan vai hna lai tin hawi an ni sawm. Ka hngakchiat lio ah ka pa le a hawi le hna he ramviah an rak i sawm tawnhna i zilawngpuai a phanh can poahpoah ah ram an rak vai tawn. Ramvaih duh ruangah ramsa atamnak khau lei khuauk bawi sinah ca an kuat cia hna khuami hna he ramviah nak meeting hna an tuah tawn. Tukum cu khauzei fing le tlawng, phong le hawrkhuang zawn hi zolo kan tuk lai cun meikhaan kan hothna lai ti sakah nak ding khuakhan hi biathaw bik le lung diriam ngai in cheihbik mi a si tawn. Laitlang pumpuluk kan ramchung um saram hna caah cun ṭihanung bik caan le saram an paam bik caan a si. Kumkhat hnu kumkhat saram an ci a miṭ duahmah bantuk in sakah a har chinchin i zeibantuk saṭil zuva hna poahhmanh hi kah le hloh an si. Kan ţhangcho kan ti motor le motor cycle hna dumtawk in kan hmang kho hna cang i tivarek tehna tiang ngatlaih ah dynamo hna kan hmang tikuang chung a nungmi an ci kan hloh dih. Ramviah le khaanhot ruah ah a phuphu in kan i sawm hna kan ramchung ramsa hna cu zuamchung kan hloh hna. Tukum Laitlang lei thawngchia hnalak ah Cikha peng Suangdim khua ah minung 20 mei khaan an hot nak ruangah minung 16 bak an thi ti thawng hna zeitluk ṭih nung thawngchia dah an si.

Lairam i saram hnalakah sakhi, sazuk,neng, saza,sakuh hna valah,vaking,varit,vavu hna hi hmuhtambik le ramvai kipnih kah bik an si. Hi saram hna hi April in July thla chungah fa pawi caan le an karh caan bik lio a si. A cheukhat saṭil hna cu fa an pawi caan le an kharh caan a dang. Laimi hna ram kan vaih ning phunghnih in ṭhen khawh an si. Ramviah azuam caah ram a via mi le pheisa hmuh nak ruangah tin a um. Azeibantuk i ram kan vaih zongah kan lungchung tal in ṭheih hrimhrim ve ding cu saram ṭilva hna nih an kan celh ti lo kan hloh dih ngawt hna ti tal hi ramvai mi hnanih ram nan vaih cuahmah lio zongah vun ruat ve chih uh ti sawm kan duh hna. Ramvaih sakah tihi vawlei cung ramkip nih an ngeih mi le an zuam ngai ve cio mi a si ve. Siangpahrang hna tiangnih ramviah nak le ram viah caan ti tiang in nunphung bantuk an ngei hna i an sunsak ngai. Tuahhlah tin thlohkhawh mi a si lo. Cu vebantuk in kan Lairam zongah ramvai hlahuh tiah thlohkhawh le khamhkhawh ding a si lai lo nan minung kan sinak, chiaṭha tleidan khawhnak tal in kan ruahawk le kan zulhding a si. Kawl cozah nih aphungmen cun forest laws a saui ve ko nan a ho nih nan zulh khawh ding cu ka va zum kho lo dah. “National wildlife conservation” Saram kilkhawi nak an tuah nak tete balte an um. Aphungmen “on the paper” lawng deuh kan ti lai cu. Aţhangcho caimi ram hna ahcun ramvaih caan hi a mah le tikcu tete in an um i ramvia a duh mi poah nih ramviah nak license cozah sinah lak a si. Ramsa zeibantuk phun le pazeizah dah na kah lai timi le khuazei ram chung lawngah sapel khawh a si ti mi law ṭha tein an ngai. Acheukhat saram, ram ui le ngalhriang hna hi cu duh tik caan le duh zah poah kahkhawh an si. Ṭhathnem nak a chuahpi mi saram an si lo. Lo i cinthlak mi an hrawh, ram ui hna nih saṭil an zuatmi an seh. Ramsa an zohkhenh hna ning le ramviah ning an dan tete hna Laimi ram kan viahning he cun kan ni dang ngai. Inzuat saṭil hna caah le minung hna caah pawngkam ṭhilumtuning he a buaktlak khawh nak ding in ramsa an zohkenh ning le ramviah zuam mi hna caah ramviah ningcang ti deuh in an ṭhen. Ramsa kah lo in an khamh ah cun an karh tuk lai i minung caah harnak an chuahpi sual lai ti ruangah le a hleituk in an karh nak hnga lo sakah caan tin an ownh bantuk in an ci a mih lo nak hnga an phol caan le fa an hrin caan hna hi ramviah an khamh. Cu bantuk in ngatlaih caan le vapel caan tehna hi amah le tikcu caan ning tein law an um dih. Hitluk ram thancho nakah saram an tam hi khauruahhar a si ko. Ramvai kip nih sa an kahdih cio. Lailei vialah ramsa kan duh poah in kah a si ko nan ,zei ruangahdah ramvai kipnih sa an kahkhawh ti lo? Western le Europe um Laimi chuekhat hna cu ramviah nak meital ṭhaṭha an ngei hna i anmeithal ah durbing a talchih mi an si hna tikah Lailei bantuk in mahduh poah in sakah cu siseh law ramsa nih a celh hna lai lo. Laimi ramvai hna nih an meital hna nan i ngeih khawh ve lo cu Kan ram saṭil hna caah cun Amen bak a si. Laimeital hmanh in saṭil nih an celh bak hna lo kha muh.

Tanzania ram ah cun Eco-tourism thancho nak caah vawlei cung i ramvaih zuam mi hna ramvaih khawh a si “safari tour” tin ramviah nak lei in pheisa a kawl mi hna zong an um ve. England ram ah le lentecelh phunkhat bantuk in an aur tukmi vakah nak in vakap zuam pawl an lem hna. America company hnanih le ramvai mi pawl herhhai meital, keden, riahbuk, ruksai,durbing ramviah daan cauk tehna chuah in pheisa a kawl ve ning a si.

Kan Lairam saṭil hna caah April thla hi ṭih anungbik le saram an paambik an ṭhihbik caan a si ti na ruat ve bal maw….?

VAKOK CAZUAL Vol 1. No 2

VAKOK ZUAL

Vol 1 No.2 Est 04/ 25/2010 Date 05/09/2010

Bawipa tih hi hngalhnak hramthawknak a si. Phb 1:7

Kawl ralbawi pawl an thuam an ithleng

A ra lai mi thimnak itimhtuahnak ding caah April 26 ni in kawl ralbawi cheukhat an thuam an phoit i civil thuam ah an ithleng. A tu bantuk ral thuam aa phoit mihna lakah Prime Minister Thein Sein le bochuk 17-23 tiang an si i kyaintphoint USDP Union Solidarity Development Party min bunh in hmatpungtin an tuah. Ralkap cozah nih ithimnak caah May thla 7 hlanah thimnak aa cuh ding aho party poah nih hmatpungtin nan tuah dih lai tin phunglam a ngaih ca a si. Ramkhel rian a tuan mi hna nih amah ralkap lila nih 2008 ithimnak ca phunglam asuai mi a buar an ti. Mizei poah party a tuah ah cun cozah rian a tuan lo mi a si lai tin a um nan a tubantuk in ralbawi hna nih an thuam an phoih zongah cozah rian tuan an si thiamthiam. Hi bantuk in ralbawi hna nih civil thuam an ithlen tikah mipi ca cun hnahnawhnak zeihmanh a um lo nan ralkap bawi chuekhat cu power zeihmanh ngai ti lo ding an si caah thuamphoih an duh lo. Ref : Burma Today

Burma Citizen Award

April 26 ni Los Angeles ah Kawlram mipi caah zaanghleicawi in ram chungah thazaang achuah tu, ramleng um kawl mipi nih pek mi avoi khatnak Burma Citizen Award le $ 5000 cu fitlaw minthang Kyaw Htu nih ahmuh. Laksawng pek awk thlak a si ti in thim mi 26 lakah thimfung pa 5 an thim than hna. Cu hna cu sayataw Oo Manihtara, fitlaw Kyaw Htu, caposai thiam Zakana, AIDS mizaw a zohkhenh tu PhyoPhyo Thein, lanpyahkye group in U Myint Thein hna an si. Hi thimfung ithimnak ah ram 54 in minung 285,008 nih an thim hna. Kyaw Htu hoha nak in Rangoon khulipi ah a um mi, misifak hna le tadaungsa hna an thit loh tikah an ruah men lo in an vui hna. Ref : Burma Today

The most 100 influential people on the world

Kum 29 a si mi kawlram mi computer blogger Nay Phone Latt cu 2010 ca vawlei cung minung 100 chung lawng in Time Magazine nih thim mi huhaam ngaibik mi hna chungah aa tal. Kawlram chungin Aung San Suh Kyi zong hi thim bal a rak si.Tukum caah Asia ram chung in S/Korea 2010 Olympic skate champion Kim yuna kum 20 zong aa tal. Ram hruaitu tamada hna le muvi minthang mihna pawl deuh hi thim an si bik. Nay Phone Latt nih French in 2008 ca pek mi Reporters Sans frontier award le 2010 America nih pek mi PEN/Barbara freedom to write award zong a hmuh. Hi pa nih 2007 lio phungki sandah an piahnak kong le Bo Thawn Shwe kong cartoon asaui mi a blog ah ral ţha ngai in a ţial. Ref: Time Magazine, Irrawaddy

Kawl ralkap le tlangcung mi hriamtlai hna

Kawl ralkap nih tlangcung hriamnam tlai mihna vialte ramri cawng ralkap border frontier army ah thlen a timh i ithlen ding in ralrinnak a pek mi ni le caa cu April 29 ni in a dih cang. 1989 thawk in ralkap cozah le tlangcung mi hriamtlai bu 17 hna cu ral ituk lo in daihnak an tuah. Ralkap cozah le tlangcung hriamtlai mi hna cu ruah lo in zeitik caan poah ah ral aa do kho mi an si cang caah cu ral tihah Karean khuami 10,000 renglo Thailand ram lei ah ral an zaam. KNLA Karen National Libration army le ralkap cozah cu ral an itu cuahmah cang. Ref : Irrawaddy

Kawlram chungah bomb voi 8 apuak cang

April 14 in May 1 tiangah kawlram chungah bomb voi 8 a puak cang. Ralkap uk kum 20 chungah avoi khatnak thimnak tuah ding timh lio a si. Cun tlangcung hriamtlai hna ramri ral kap ithlen ding nawl pek a donghnak thla a si tikah hi bantuk in buai nak le bomb hmun kipah a puah nak a si. A tu tiang a ho nih dah bomb a puah ti hi ralkap nih fiangfai in a chim kho rih lo. Bomb a puak mihna lakah H₂ O ti toihnak mandah i apuak mi ah minung tambik an thi. Cozah tadinca nih pa 9 an thi a tin na in Rangoon sibawi te sin theih mi cu 175 bak an thi colh. Ref : Burma Today

NewYork Time square ah bomh an hmanh

May 2 ni zaan lei nazai 6:00 P.M. hrawng ah N/Y khualipi tourist tambik vahvaih nak hmai ah $1300 in cawk mi Nissan path finder SUV chung i bomb ahmanh mipa Faisal Shaszad kum 30 Afghanistanpa cu nazi 55 aruah hnuah Canady Airport Emirate airline Dubai kal ding vanlawng cungah an tlaih kawh. Hi pahi University Bridgeport in Master adih.US citizen 2009 a hmuh hnu in a inn men tehna zong ape duh tilo i Afghanistan ah anupi le fale 2 he an kal i Taliban pawl umnak Waziristan ah bomb tuahning acawng .Apa hi ralkap bawi hlun a si. A upa Amir Canada ah a um. Obama cozah nih akong an ceih loi a si. Ref :The New York Time

Sport News

Mizapi thintor ngai in hngah mi UEFA chiampion league final cu Inter Milan le Bayern Munich an kai i a ra lai mi May 22 ah Spain ram Bernabeu certual ah an chuit lai. Kan hnuzarh chungah champion hlun Barca le Inter an chuit i puai hnih fonh 3-2 in Inter a kai. Lyon certual ah Bayern nih puai hnih fonh goal 4 in a huai.

Ref: UEFA.com

Ralkap Cozanih Radio ngaih atholh

Vawlei cung hmanh ah kan theihbal lo mi Kawl ralkap nih BBC,RFA,VOA le DVB Radio hna nih thawng an thanh mi hna khi ngai hlahuh ti in April thal thawk in tlangcung miphun cio in thlah mi (tai-yin-tar ba-tar asi-asin) in an thanh langmang.Naypyitaw khulipi in MRTV Myanmar Radio and Telivision nih thanh mi thanwg hi an mah ralbawi lila hna hmanh nih ngaih an duh lo i ramdang lei in thawng an rak thanh mi tu an ngai. MRTV nih tlangcung mihna ca thawngthanhnak a hlei in Chin Falam le Mindat holh Kayain, Wayku,Wayba le Kukant holh hna chapchih in zaanlei 5:00- 9:00 P.M. minute 30 cio langmang thawngthanh a si. Ralkap cozah nih radio le Myanmar Alin tadinca in VOA le BBC nih an kan leirawi, RFA le DVB nih an kan tukforh ti in thawng an thanhnak asau cang. Ref: KNG

Ralkap nih CNP party derhnak nawl a pek

April 7 in CNP Chin National Party nih party der-

hnak nawl hmatpungtin a sok mi May 7 ni ah Myanmar Alin tadinca in party derhnak nawl pek an si ti thawng an thanh. CNP party hna hi Chin miphun huahdih ngawt an si lengah mino cathiam an si. Chin ramchung khuakip aiawh in icuh ding an itim. Chairman Teddim in Pu Zo Zam. Vice Chairman-1Thlan-tlang in Pu Chan Hre. V.C-2.ah Falam in Pu Ral Lian Sang. General Secretary thim rih lo. Asst/GS Falam in Thian Uk Thang @Hngepi. Auditor Hakha in Pu Steven Ni kio. Chungtal Akhun-alan journak Chief Editor Salai Aung Min Hlaing le caṭial thiam Salai Shwe Linn hna an si. CPP Chin Progressive Party zong party derhnak nawl hmatpungtin a sok lio. Kawlram cungah National Election Committee ah hmatpungtin a sok mi party 28 an si cang na in atu tiangah party14 lawngnih hmatpungtin an hmuh. Ref:KNG

Mother’s Day athawknak

Hlanlio Greeks hna nih an khungzing vialte i an Nu Rhea zingnu ca siseh Rom hna zong nih an biak mi lakah aliannganbik khuazing Cebely ca siseh England ram khrifa mi hna nih Jesuh Nu Mary ca upat peknak in an rak tuah hmasa hna. USA ahcun hringtu Nu Ni an thawknak hi kum 150 deng arau. 1872 ah Julia Ward Howe nih America ah hringtu Nu Ni hi tuah awk a si ti in ruahnak a rak chuahpi hmasabik. Boston ah hringtu Nu Ni pumhnak kum saupi a tuahpi hna. 1907 ah Virginia nitlaklei Crafton khuami Anna Jarvis nih Hringtu Nu Ni hi miphunpi in tuah awk si ti in khuazakip ah chim athawk. President Woodrow Wilson nih May 8,1914 ah Hringtu Nu Ni siseh tiah hngatlaknak min athut. Cuthawk cun May zarhhnih nak cu Hringtu Nu Ni ti in vawlei cung ramkipah tuah a si. Ref:123holiday.net

TCBC kan thawng

A tu kan ni pumh cuahmah lio nak biakinn nak in a ţha deuh mi le hmu aa rem deuh mi biakinn kan pastor te le krifa up ate nih an kual lio asi Bawipa sinah thla camnak in tang ve uh sih.

Pumh caan hi zanlei nazi 3:00-5:00 P.M ah kan thawk langmang i caan hman te in kan thawk khawhnak hnga caan upat hna uh sih.

Avoi 3nak CBFA civui cu July 2-4 ah Washington DC khulipi ah CBMA hoha nak in tuah a si lai i kan TCBC YF hlaremhbu hna zong timhtuahnak maktak in hla an cawng hna.

Capo

Sunday school saya Cung Cung

Voikhat ah saya Cung cu an church school pawl a cawn piak hna ti a si. A cawnpiak mi hna cu Pathian a um maw um lo ti a si. A church school hngakchia Zai Rem cu bai a hal. Zei Rem blackboard hi na hmu maw? Hmu!! Thlalang awing khi a hei awn i van khi a zoh ter, Pathian tah na hmu maw? Hmu hlah!! Aw cu bantuk cun

Pathian a um lo a ti an ti. An church school hngakchia pa Van Lian Ceu cu a lung a si lo tuk i sayapa Zai Rem hi bia ka hal kho ve hnga maw? a vun ti. Aw hal ko a ngah ko. Zai Rem blackboard hi nah mu maw? Hmu!! Kan saya CungCung tah na hmu maw? Hmu!!A thluak tah na hmu maw? Hmu hlah. Aw kan sayapa hi thluak a ngei lo….he…he…he…

Nule mitah fale hi kan i dawhbik

Voikhat ah Langak cu afale chuncaw pek ah akal. Autaw nih khua zeidah na kal lai a ti. Langak nih ka fale chuncaw ka pe hna lai a ti. Autaw nih langak cu nafale umnak na kalpah ah ka fale kha

changrue na ka pekpiak pah kho lai ma? a ti. Langak nih na fale cu ka hmubal hna lo zeitindah ka theih hna lai a ti. Autaw nik kei kafale cu va vialte lakah adawhbik an si i na kalnak i na hmuh mi hna lakah adawhbik mi hna kha hi changreu hi

rak pete ko hna a ti. Langak cu afale sin aphan. afale nak in adawh deuh mi ahohmanh ahmuh hna lo. Autaw nih changrue a rawnh mi cu Langak nih afale tu apek hna. Hi tawnbia nih a langhtar mi cu kan Nu le mit ahcun adawh bik mi fale kan si.

Na saiherh ve lo ma?

Vakok Cazual hi TCBC nih zarhnih dan voikhat chuah mi a si. Aho poah nih capar,capo, tawn bai le phungthluk bai hna le cawnpiaknak saiherh bai na ngaih mi tete zalawng tein ṭial khawh a si.

Pehtlainak..E-mail: vakokcazualtcbc@gmail.com

*** MANIPUR DAM MULTIPURPUSE PROJECT

Environmental and Human Rights Mekong School, Chiangmai Thailand

Angteng (Sedaw ) village, Kalay district, Sagaing division, Burma September and October 2007

Introduction:

For a country to develop, energy sector plays important role. Dr. Salai Ngun Cung Lian, Chin Human Rights Organization (CHRO) consultant, once said in Chaingmai at our conversation," In well developed countries, dams are built in such away the consequences problems are minimized as much as it could be. They have safe guard policies planned ahead." I also used to think that producing Hydro Power Electricity can be done with low cost budget, and on the other hand, the country's income can be increased. Besides, the people can get sufficient electricity at low price. But very importantly, there should be precautions to be taken about the consequences brought by building the dams by doing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Relocation Impact Assessment (RIA) in a very fair and proper way. Myanmar (Burma) country has got plenty of energy resources like Gas turbine, hydroelectric power and others. The country also makes plenty of foreign currency by selling that energy to its neighboring countries such as Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia. But very sadly, the energy has been sold out so much that there is no even enough energy to supply within the country. For example, even in the capital city of Myanmar (Burma), ⁵Yangon gets the electricity in A:B: C pattern and gets only 8 hours per day. If the electricity power cannot be supplied fully even in the capital city, it is obvious that the other towns and villages of the other States and Divisions will surely be not supplied sufficient electricity. Though it is said that the Manipur dam multipurpose project is for the development of the villages nearby especially for the Chin State, but the truth is only 66 mega watts which is to be supplying only to the three main towns from the northern Chin State of Hakha-Falam -Teddim. The military not only break the human rights of the villagers nearby the dam project by giving no prior-information about building the dam, no relocation and compensations for occupying some of the paddy fields. Because of the materials being stolen, the construction of the dam cannot be strong enough to hold such strong and powerful current of water flowing from far high mountains in the rainy season that the downstream villages and paddy fields are in danger of submerging one day under water. But the government takes no interest in the consequences of the negatives effects of the dam towards both the upstream and downstream villages, towns and paddy fields. Although the Myanmar Forest Law ( Law No.8/92 Chapter 3, in Article (a) Public article says Commercial Reserve Forest, under the Constitution of reserve forest and declaration of protected forest, the teak trees from the nearby dam project site have been cut down without any barriers. These teaks could have been used to draw foreign income in the future for the Chin people. But instead, the law is allowed to be broken without any consideration of the future country. Well, the government could have done the dam project to be out of danger from all these negative consequences effects of the dam. Or by planning first relocation and compensation plan, the inhuman government as State Peace and Development council (SPDC) will never take this thing in a slight flash of their mind to have to share humanity over the Chin people. Every profit that is received from the country's natural resources had been saving theirs own account and spent for buying weapons. Any problems occurred at the problematic dam sites or the nearby dams are nullified. The victims are not only given the compensations they deserved but they are rather forgotten and their news, information and communications are blocked up. Anyone who passes out the information is arrested for jail. Therefore, the dam project must be stopped. The Japan technical assistant and Germany financial supporter, if eyes only for the profit, should take into consideration of these mentioned consequences effects that could possibly bring upon the people upstream and downstream of the Manipur dam Multipurpose project.

Geographical Background of Manipur River

River Name Manipur River (Known as "Run” River the Chin People)

River Length 4459 miles (India side 2668 miles; Burma side 1791 miles)

Annual Rainfall Centigrade 64.66 ft (measured in Falam, Chin State)

Annual Water Flow 5.00 Acre ft million

Manipur River starts flowing from Manipur State, Northeast part of India along the Northwest part of Chin State and joins into Myittamyit River in Sagaing Division. Then the river continues to flow into Chindwin River near Kalaywa Town.

Dam Specifications:

1. Location : Above 2.5 miles Kabani bridge Angteng villag

Kalay township Sagaing division Burma

2. Dam design : Roller compacted concrete (RCC)

(a) Height 527 ft

(b) Length 2444 ft

3. Full of water areas : 6785 acres

4. Diversion tunnel : (a) 39.4 ft cycle 2-hole

(b) Length 3940 ft

(c) Water flow 80530 ft / per second

5. Electric power tunnel : (a) 25.59 ft cycle 2- hole

(b) Length 3248 ft

(c) Water flow 5086 ft / second

6. Water irrigation : 50000 acres approximately

7. Install capacity : 95 MGW 95 x 4 turbine =380 MGW

8. Annual production : 1903 kilo hours’ million

9. Project Status : The plans for the dam in 2004-2005, estimates are that

construction will finish by 2010-2011.(sooner) But even

20% of construction can not finish yet.

10. The money : The overall cost of the Manipur Dam is estimated at

Burma Kyat-134900.00 million (US $ 152.00million

Electricity- where will it go?

At this point it is unclear. 66 mega watts which is to be supplying only to the three main town from the northern Chin of Hakha-Falam-Teddim.Though it appears likely that the rest of electricity 314 mega watt will be transmitted to centre Burma Mitthilar industrial zone.

Downstream villages

Manipur dam project site and, here are some of the villages which are in danger caused by the downstream river. These are the areas filled with paddy fields and the Chin people mainly relied on for their daily consumption of rice...1.Hmandaw2.Shiaph 3.Tintar 4.Kyuakphu 5.Dunywe 6.Ashihsi 7.Sedaw 8.Minhlah 9.Wyasiwyatar 10.Chinkin 11. Taingsi12.Kyawya 13.Myuaksithit 14.Myauksihaung 15.Khungtumyotar 16.Tanpu 17. Bogone18.Keciang 19.Helok 20.Ngapha 21.Nutchaung 22.Nutmyaung23.Chuangkhuah 24. Aungchiantar 25.Kyaintar.

The Manipur Dam Multipurpose Project (Who involved)

The Manipur Dam Multi Purpose project is situated between the Chin State and Sagaing Division. It is only 3 miles from Sedaw (Angteng) village and 36 miles from Kalay District, Sagaing Division. Manipur River flows between two mountains and a dam is planned to be built by blocking the river between the mountains in the side of Chin State. The Japanese Engineers came to do a research work on it in 2004. Japan is providing the machineries and technologies needed for it and the financial support is done by Germany. The project had been started in 2004-05 and is planned to finish by year 2010-2011. The budget estimation for the project is US$ 152 million (Kyat- 134,900 million)

The Geographical Background of Chin State

Longitude Between 92.15 degree East and 97 degree East

Latitude Between 18 degree North and 27 degree North

Capital Hakha

Region Northern Burma

Areas 36,018 km (13,907 square miles)

Population in 2009 518,144 (UNICEF estimated)

Ethnicities Chin

Religion Christian 90%

Where Chin get rice?

The main rice that the Chin State has been consuming is from the products of the many thousand acres of the paddy fields nearby the Manipur Multi Purpose Project areas. Many acres of the paddy fields will be lost under the water if the dam is to complete building. Therefore it will be a great lost for the people from the Chin State as to their nearest regular main import source of rice will be almost impossible to find none other than these places. Besides, there are many teak trees nearby the project site. The Ministry of Forestry Department has been cutting all the valuable teaks.

Downstream villages

Manipur dam project site and, here are some of the villages which are in danger caused by the downstream river. These are the areas filled with paddy fields and the Chin people mainly relied on for their daily consumption of rice...1.Hmandaw2.Shiaph 3.Tintar 4.Kyuakphu 5.Dunywe 6.Ashihsi 7.Sedaw 8.Minhlah 9.Wyasiwyatar 10.Chinkin 11. Taingsi 12.Kyawya 13.Myuaksithit 14.Myauksihaung 15.Khungtumyotar 16.Tanpu 17. Bogone 18.Keciang19.Helok20.Ngapha21.Nutchaung22.Nutmyaung23.Chuangkhuah 24. Aungchiantar 25.Kyaintar.

( I was disclose the villagers and other person’s name during I do an interview about Manipur Dam for theirs security)

INTERVIEWS : The people voices

(Interviewed with the higher rank officer of MEPE)

The Manipur Multi Purpose project was started in 2004-2005.

The plan was to be able to supple 580 mega watts at first. But later it was changed to 380 mega watt. The reason is that the strong force of the river flow can destroy the dam especially in the rainy season. So the power supply is redesigned a new as to supply only 380 mega watts. Only 66 mega watts will be supplied for the Chin State. And only the main places such as Hakha, Falam and Teddim will get the power supply. The other northern part of the Chin State will not be given the power supply due to the difficulties of bringing in the concrete wire poles and the need of huge amount of expenditure for connecting the wire across the land.(1000 kilo watt is equal to 1 mega watts)There will be a Sub Power House at Kankaw Township in Sagaing Division. This will give the power supply to the Chin State. There will be a main power house in Mandalay, and this will give the power supply to Mitthilar Industrial Zone and other places of the Upper part of the Burma country. The project of the Manipur Multi Purpose Project will take 6 years.

The worker’s voices ( Dam site)

The concretes which have been sold only from Kyaw village and Mintaingpyi village already cost kyats 1000 million"said by who had worked as in charge for 2 years.2.5 million of Kyat is given as bribery for every audit. It was said that the concrete had been carried away by the strong current of Manipur River. But the truth was that the concrete had been stolen by the dam workers. The concrete that had been sold only at Kyaw Village costs Kyat 100 million. Therefore the concrete that have been in use for building the dam cannot be up to the standard. The technology and machineries support is given by Japan.

The villager’s voices

There will be no advantage we will share at all from the dam. The military will use it for their own advantage. We won't even get the electricity. We just have to be planting jathropha curcas plants ( Kyatsupin, SPDC's mega project) with forced labor. All the paid dam project workers are hired from the Burmese workers, we who are nearby the villagers are not hired. The Japanese Engineers came to see the Manipur dam in 2004.

The school’s voices

There are about 400 students with (7) teachers on government service and (4) local teachers have been hired by the villagers. The population of Sedaw (Angteng) village is only about 1800 people. The reason is that there is no much enough land besides the land is not good fertilizers. There is no electricity in the village as well. But there is a private electricity provided by own by a villager run by private generator that the power is released from 7:00 to 9:00 pm, and have to pay kyat 2000 per month. The technology support is given by Japan but we don't know who is giving the financial support. The Japanese came to the Manipur dam to do the survey on 20^th January 2004 and said that they even brought him a gift of KANSAI KUROBE DAM calendar 2004."Mini Hydro Power will be better than this Manipur Dam as for our village because we don't know when will the project will be really over and we won't be benefited much by it rather will cause us more of troubles" they said. The rice that have been the people from the Chin State consuming is solely from the paddy fields from these area which will be lost in the water soon that the people from the Chin State will be starving to death. Our villagers have been often asked to do forced labor.

Passenger’s voices ( Kalay-Natchuang-Angteng- Kankaw local car-train)

We don’t have anything to criticize in regards to Manipur Dam Project. As for us generally we just want to have Private Mini Hydro Power in order to get electricity as quick as possible both for the villagers and students.

Evangelical pastor’s Voices

There is only one car train that makes our traveling very difficult. The people who stay nearby Kalay valley are mostly Chins. The rice that the Chin State has been consuming is mostly from our areas. The government has never done any development project for villages nearby areas but we have been only forced to do their project of Kyatsupin (Custard Plants) plantation without any wages given. I personally don't think that this Manipur Dam project will not give us no benefit at all for us.

Farmer’s voices (discussion with 10 people who are farmer from different villages)

We prefer Mini-Hydro Power to this Manipur Dam Project. I don’t think this Manipur Dam will last for long because the materials used for the Dam have been stolen such as the concrete, cement, iron etc. There are about 20 workers' camps. Many of our lands have been taken without giving any compensation because of building this dam. The richer villagers have 14 acres of farm land. We plant paddy only in rainy season and plant other crops in the rest of the seasons. We mostly plant peas and sesames in summer and the crops have been collected this year (2007) for Kyat 20,000 per barrel. They all are farmers but they plant different kinds of crops. They don't totally agree with the Dam project because the time taken for completing is too long besides they don't have trust in the government that they don't believe they will get electricity even when it's completed. The villagers who could effort use generator. Most of the villagers prefer their private Mini-Hydro Power. The government allotted one telephone each to each village but can get through only after contacting first to the auto-exchange. When I went to do the research there I could not use the telephone at all due to the lightning and heavy rain.

The cultural activities of the villagers nearby the Dam project site

The villages nearby the Manipur River are though in Sagaing Division, the people came from the Chin Hills that they continue to hold on to the culture and activities they used to have every year. They celebrate New Crops Festival called "Fangeer" on November 10 every year. The meaning celebrating this festival is to relax from the whole year work and thank to God for the blessings of crops they get in that year, and also to pray for better and more crops to get next year. This is one of the most beautiful cultures of the Chin people. Since the people who live nearby the river are mostly the Chin people that they also celebrate Christmas and New Year gathering the whole family. Almost all the Chin people are Christians. The two villages nearby the River are Sedaw (Anteng) village and Hmandaw village. The people who live at Sedaw village are migrated from Falam Chin and the people who live at Hmandaw village are immigrated from Hakha Chin. The Church buildings at every village prove how faithful religious they are to what they are worshipping.

Manipur Dam Multi Purpose Project and Negative Impact Of Chin

Since the Chin State is filled only with valleys and mountain ranges that there is no proper place for cultivating paddies, the plain areas in Manipur Dam site is the main backbone for the Chins to get rice. The dam project site along the downstream are full of the paddy field cultivated by the villages nearby that if the dam is to be built all the fields will be submerged in the water. Both the people in the Chin State and the villagers nearby the downstream will have no food to eat. It is very dangerous for the villages along the downstream of the Manipur River. The reasons are-

(1) Manipur River flows from the Chin State that the water current is very strong.

(2) There are very few qualified technicians.

(3) There are very few types of machinery and other necessary machines.

(4) The construction won't be up to a good quality as it's supposed to be because of too many corruptions.

(5) There is no enough workers' force.

The Chin people who are living along the upstream will not be able to eat the fish they used to get from the river. There is no big river other than the Manipur River in the Northern Chin State that the fish is available only from this river. This is the only river that the big towns in the northern Chin State such as Falam, Hakha, Thantlang, Tiddim and Tonzang and more than five hundred villages depend on this river. These are the direct negative affects that the Chins will get by building the Manipur Dam.

(1)The Chins won't be able get the fish anymore.

(2)All the teaks, hardwood and paddy fields will be submerged under the water.

(3)When the water is stored water bone disease will occur.

(4) There will be forced relocations of the nearby villages.

Current Electric Power Supplying in Chin State

No.	Town	The name of hydro Electric power	Started hydro electric power supplied date	Started diesel Engine Power supplied date
1.	Hakha	Dongva hydro electric power	3.9.1984	14.4.1958
2.	Hakha	Laiva hydor electric power	6.4.1994	-
2.	Thlantlang	Laiva hydro electric power	-	4.9.1986
3.	Falam	Nalsihva hydro electric power	14.12.1986	15.8.1955
4.	Tiddim	Zalwi hydro electric power	27.1.1984	12.4.1957
5.	Tonzang	Toisawm hydro electric power	9.1.1998	21.6.1986
6.	Mindat	Chichaung hydro electric power	25.6.1997	25.6.1964
7.	Matupi	Nunlawng hydro electric power	2.5.1992	28.4.1982
8.	Paletwa	Tinte hydro electric power	7.6.1986	30.12.1956
9.	Kanpalet	-	-	7.10.1986
10.	CiKha	-	-	28.4.2003
11.	Rih	-	-	15.3.2003
12.	Ruazua	-	-	15.4.2003

Burma Capital City Yangon Current Electric Power Situation

YESB (Yangon Electricity Supplying Board) said that there are 79 kinds of supplying Electricity. The system that has been used in supplying the electricity since March is divided into A.B.C groups. The destroyed pipes by the bombs have been repaired that the power supply will be able to continue for 24 hours till the month of November. Yangon city needs to get at least 6 hours of power supply a day to draw the water. Since 2006, the power supply that Yangon city needs is around 500 mega watts but only 400 mega watts had been being supplied. The power supply that Yangon city has been receiving is from the natural gas supply and hydro electric power. (Ref: Seven day journal 2007)

The ResearcherRemark About Manipur Dam Multipurpose Project

All the villages nearby the Dam Project are farmers who make their living by cultivating paddy fields. There are some educated ones but they don't have vivid knowledge about the affect of the dam. Moreover the government controls strictly that they don't know anything to complain about. The villagers are under forced labor by the government for their mega project of planting jathropha curcas (Kyatsupin) plants to produce bio-gas. Since they are all farmers that they couldn't even find time to do their farming. Because most of their time has gone for doing the forced labor of planting jathropha.

The weather of project areas is wet and mild-hot that teak plant and many other priced hardwoods grow. Now because of the project the trees around the areas have been cut down. One of the saddest things is that the railway between Kankaw town and Kalay town used to be slippery in rainy season that the hardwoods which had been used are being replaced by the teak woods. Because the selfish business people wanted to take the teak woods for their own that they gave such false reason because the teak wood from that area is with high quality. This is one of the places in Burma from where teak wood is mostly produced. Now the plan is handled by the Ministry of Forestry working hand in hand with the teak brokers from Kankaw Township and Kalay Township.

There is no security guard of soldiers for the Dam's security, but there is one camp of soldiers to oversee the jathropha curcas (Kyatsupin) plantation, although there are three biggest battalions of soldiers' camp in the Northern part of Burma at 36 miles away from the Dam site. The new highway between Hakha-Hmandaw-Kalay had been designed in such a way that should go near by the dam site.

There is also Malaria disease around the dam site. There are dispensaries in every village for name sakes but there are no medicines available at all. All the villagers nearby the dam site are all migrated from the Chin State and they are all Christians that there are good Church buildings in every village. There are also Primary and Middle schools in every village. There are high schools at Natchaung and Chaungkhuah villages. Especially Hmandaw and Angteng (Sedawa) villages are the nearest villages from the Dam site. One village has got one telephone line and all the villagers have to share that one. But the line doesn't work when it rains and when lightning occurs. Each house in Angteng(Sedaw) village's land title is 150 square ft in order to prevent from fire. This is the bylaw of the village since the settlement was begun at the village. The main crops that the downstream villages grow in the rainy season are paddies and in winter and in summer they grow crops such as peas, sesames, chilies, etc… I got different responses from the villagers when I went to interview them regarding the Dam and the electricity. Some of them hope that they will get electricity in cheap price for 24 hours. But some of them don’t believe in getting proper electricity because even the capital city of Burma, Yangon can't get the electricity for 24 hours that there will be no way such as the small villages as theirs will be facilitated with such advantages by the government. Most of the villagers' interest is in getting Private Mini-Hydro Power electricity.

Conclusions

The Manipur dam multipurpose project is a very unique project being carried out in Buma. The reason for its unique is that the other entire dam project can be accessible either one internet or any others media but not this on at all. This capture so much of my interest upon the project is the only mega dam project ever done closest to my native land Chin State. Though the exact location is known to be in the land of Sagaing diveison according to history the land had been in the Chin State and till now the people who are residing at the areas are mostly the Hakha ethnic Chins and Falam Ethnic Chins. The area is also known as Kalay valley because it is situation between the mountains like a vast valley. Manipur river is the only river as such flows though Chin State and till it reaches the plain area of the Kalay valley and joins to Myittamyit river and continues to flow into Chindwin River. When the project was about to plan there was no consultation or information given to the villagers who live nearby at all. The villagers will have no way to be aware of the consequences that will bring by the dam. The only thing they know is they will get electricity in cheaper cost and will get it longer. Considering the educational background which is just middle school level and the poor communication situation of the valley areas that the villagers are just very simple. But after I giving some information about the negatives effects that could be brought by the dam, almost all the villagers prefer to have mini hydro power for electricity rather than living in the nightmare of their paddy fields to be washed away in over night in the flood along with them all. Because there had been example in 2002, that when Sedawgyi dam near Mandalay was flooded, because there was no safeguard policy and the government didn’t give precautions to the civilians, two villages were lost under the flood while they were sleeping and the villagers on the way along from Mandalay to Myitkyina railway had been flooded that they could no longer work as farmers but now they have to make their living as fishermen. Even that Sedawgyi dam which was built on a tributary of Ayarwaddy River, and it was designed to build to produce only 25 mega watts, when face with problem they don't care for the citizens and could destroy so much, it's unimaginable how immensely will the dam designed to supply 380 mega watts do so much destruction to the whole valley. Besides around 95% of the population that live in the valley is not the Bumans but various Chin ethnic people. Why should the government take these Chin populations into their consideration of care while they didn't even care for their nearest kin of blood? As already discussed, there are also possibilities of accident due to the concretes which are stolen by the workers and the officers working there that the quality of the dam will not be up to the standard. The current of the Manipur river is dangerously strong. And whenever there is heavy rain in the upper part of the river, there are always possibilities of strong and much water to fill in the river. Since the future weather of rainfall is unpredictable, taking the risk without keeping the negative consequences that could bring by the dam will be like annihilation of the Chins population. Moreover, though the dam is built at Kalay valley, the electricity is to supply not the nearest towns and cities' development, but for the junta Military government’s own business use to supplying the industrial zone nearby centre Burma Myithilla. But according to the researcher's estimation, the government having built so many dams around Mandalay, even the Yeywa dam (the world third largest RCC dam) supplying 790 mega watts, the question is why they should still need to take more power supply for this nearby areas from such far place without taking into consideration about the development of the citizens nearby the dam. The thought left in mind to answer that they could have had another plan bigger than just for the industrial zone power supply considering the serious visits of the top chaps from the government sector and the cost that they risk to spend for the poles and wires cost to take the power supply from the west to the middle part of Burma.Not only the downstream villages and paddy fields will be affected but also the upstream people will no longer have the chance to eat the most delicious fish they ever get once a year. If the paddy fields were to submerged under water the Chin State will starve from getting rice. Land transportation will be almost impossible anymore for the Chins with the other cities, unless the government continues their plan to build aircraft in Chin State. At least the waterborne disease will be another contagious killer besides the annual unpreventable killer, Malaria in Kalay valley. The researcher has had experienced of the people who live nearby Maemoh Coal mine, and Pakmon dam in Thailand that they were excited about getting electricity in a very cheap and plenty in quantity but as the years passed by, the negative impact brought them such devastating. The crops nearby dried out and died, caused by acid rain and eventually they could no longer do plantation. The people were affected by the toxic in the air that they suffer much from lung cancer and many of them were killed. Though Thai government thought for their country's betterment, the result brought by the dam was such terrible and unforgettable scene.